Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS)

OR

Medical Graduation Course
MBBS

Prepared by Docthub Courses Team ∣

Last updated on 08 Jan 2026

Overview

MBBS stands for Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery, which is an undergraduate degree course in medical and surgical studies. This course helps students gain knowledge and skills to identify and treat various medical disorders through theoretical and practical studies. The course duration is 5.5 years, including 4.5 years of classroom learning and 1 year of compulsory internship.

To get admission to the MBBS course, a candidate must have scored at least 50% in their 10+2 examination with Mathematics, Biology, and Chemistry from a recognized board. The students also need to clear entrance exams like NEET UG, AIIMS MBBS, JIPMER, etc., depending on the requirements of the college.

MBBS syllabus and subjects include a theoretical and practical understanding of human anatomy, chemistry, pharmaceutical experience, etc. After completing the course, candidates become specialized doctors who can diagnose diseases, conduct surgeries, and prescribe medicines.

The average MBBS fees range from INR 10,000 to 15 LPA. In Latin, MBBS stands for Medicinae Baccalaureus Baccalaureus Chirurgiae; and it is the combination of two different degrees conferred into one. Pursuing an MBBS is an ideal option for those who aspire to become professional medical practitioners.

drop your resume
Table of Content
What is MBBS?

MBBS stands for Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery, which is a 5.5-year (4.5 years + 1 year Internship) undergraduate medical degree program. The course includes one year of internships in hospitals, health centers, and health camps organized by NGOs.

MBBS students learn about different subjects like anatomy, pharmacology, pathology, community health, pediatrics, and surgery. After completing the degree, they can choose a specialization for further practicing medicine such as Nephrology, Cardiology, Gynecology, Anesthesiology, Organ Transplant, Endocrine, and General Surgery.

MBBS graduates can work as doctors in public and private hospitals, military forces, and even on trains. To improve job opportunities, students can pursue postgraduate medical degrees like MD or continue with their MBBS degree. This course is offered only full-time and cannot be pursued in a part-time or diploma format due to its rigorous curriculum combining practical and theoretical lessons.

MBBS Full form

The full form of MBBS is Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery.

MBBS Course Details

Course Name Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery
Commonly known as MBBS course
Course Level Undergraduate
Course type Degree program
Course duration 5-year 6 months (4.5-year Theory and 1-year Rotatory Internship)
Minimum qualification 10+2 Science with Physics, Chemistry, Biology (PCB)
MBBS Eligibility Criteria

To apply for a Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) course, students need to fulfill certain eligibility criteria. These criteria include having a basic understanding of the course and meeting the necessary requirements, which are:

  • General category students must score a minimum of 50% marks in their intermediate exams, although this may vary.
  • Applicants should be at least 17 years old to register for the MBBS NEET exam.
  • Students need to clear the medical entrance exam required for MBBS admission.
  • Students must have completed their 10+2 education with Physics, Chemistry, and Biology as mandatory subjects.
  • Reserved category candidates must have scored a minimum of 40% marks to be eligible.
  • The maximum age limit for applying to the MBBS course is 25 years.

MBBS Course Duration

The duration of the Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) course in India is typically five and a half years. This includes four and a half years of academic study and one year of mandatory internship. The internship year is usually spent in a hospital or healthcare facility, where students gain practical experience in different areas of medicine.

MBBS Course Fees

The course fees for Bachelor of Medicine, and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) in India can vary depending on the institution and can range from approximately Rs. 50,000 to Rs. 25 lakhs for the entire program.

Who should do MBBS?

Students who aspire to become a doctors and have an interest in pursuing a career in the medical field should choose MBBS.

Here are some other factors to consider:

  • The course is ideal for those who have a genuine interest in the medical field and are passionate about becoming a doctor.
  • Students who have a strong desire to help others and make a positive impact on people’s health and well-being can pursue this course.
  • Having a solid academic background in science and mathematics is also a crucial aspect to consider before pursuing an MBBS.
Why study MBBS?

Bachelor of Dental Surgery or BDS is becoming a popular course among students in India. Here are some reasons:

  • Increased demand for dental care: With increased awareness about oral hygiene, more people are seeking dental care. To become a dentist in India, one must have a BDS degree, as it is mandatory to practice dentistry after completing the course.
  • Better employment opportunities: Due to the growing demand for dental care, the government is aiming to provide more job opportunities for dentists. This means that students who complete a BDS degree can expect better career prospects.
  • Paid internships: During their internships, BDS students can earn a good amount of money ranging from INR 15,000 to INR 40,000 (approx.), depending on their level of expertise and experience.
  • Global opportunities: BDS graduates can practice their skills in countries like the US and Canada, where they can earn a higher income compared to what they would earn in India. However, they need to clear exams like NBDE or NDEB to practice in these countries.
MBBS Entrance Exam

To pursue an MBBS in India, clearing the National Eligibility and Entrance Test (NEET) is mandatory for all medical aspirants.

The National Testing Agency (NTA) conducts the exam and tests students' knowledge in physics, chemistry, and biology through multiple-choice questions. NEET scores determine a student’s eligibility for admission to various medical colleges offering MBBS programs across the country.

Although NEET is the primary entrance exam for MBBS admission in India, some state-level and private medical institutions conduct their own entrance exams. These include

Entrance Exam Name Conducted by
AIIMS MBBS Entrance Exam All India Institue of Medical Sciences
JIPMER MBBS Entrance Exam Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research
CMC Vellore MBBS Entrance Exam Christian Medical College, Vellore

It's important to note that these exams are relatively fewer in number compared to NEET and usually cater to a limited number of seats in specific institutions.

MBBS Admission Process

The process of getting admission into Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) varies across countries, but typically involves the following steps:

  1. Eligibility Criteria: Check if you meet the minimum age, academic qualifications, and entrance exam score requirements for admission to MBBS.
  2. Entrance Exam: Most countries require candidates to take an entrance exam, such as NEET in India to qualify for admission.
  3. Application: Once you clear the entrance exam, apply to the colleges or universities where you want to study MBBS. This involves filling out an online application form, submitting relevant documents, and paying an application fee.
  4. Counseling: After completing the application process, you will be called for counseling, where you will be allotted a seat in a college/university based on your rank, preference, and availability of seats.
  5. Admission: Finally, complete the admission process by submitting the necessary documents, paying the tuition fees, and fulfilling, any other formalities.

It is important to note that the admission process for MBBS may vary based on the country and the college/university you're applying to. Therefore, check the specific admission guidelines of the college/university you wish to apply to.

MBBS Syllabus

and The MBBS syllabus covers theoretical and practical knowledge in various medical fields such as Anatomy, Biochemistry, Physiology, Pharmacology, and more.

The syllabus has three parts: Pre-Clinical, Para-Clinical, and Clinical.

The course lasts for 5 years and 6 months, including a one-year internship.

The first year has 3 subjects; the second year has 7 subjects; the third year has 3 subjects, and the final year has 6 subjects. In total, there are 19 subjects. The course covers a wide range of medical topics, including community medicine, dermatology, surgery, and orthopedics.

MBBS 1st year Subjects:

MBBS Subjects Description
Anatomy Microanatomy, Embryology and Genetics, Gross Anatomy, and Neuroanatomy.
Biochemistry Molecular Biology, Biological cells, Hormones, Metabolic pathways, Enzymes, Cancer and cancer makers, Biomolecules, Food assimilation, and nutrition.
Physiology Respiratory System, Gastrointestinal System, Nutrition, General Physiology, Kidney, Nerve–Muscle, Neurophysiology, Blood, Environmental Physiology, Cardiovascular System, Nutrition, Yoga.

MBBS 2nd year Subjects:

MBBS Subjects Description
Community Medicine Infestations, Infective dermatoses, Ineffective dermatoses, Allergic disorders, Allergic disorders, Melanin synthesis, urticaria, Epidermopoiesis, Pathogenesis, Psoriasis, Gonococcal and Nongonococcal infections, HIV infection, Drug eruptions, Dermatological Emergencies, Vesiculobullous diseases, erythema multiforme
Pharmacology General Pharmacology, Autacoids, Gastrointestinal and respiratory system, Cardiovascular system, Hormones, Miscellaneous, Central nervous system, Autonomic nervous system & The peripheral nervous system, Chemotherapy
Pathology Systemic Pathology, General Pathology, Practical
Microbiology Bacteriology, Microbiology, Virology, Laboratory Diagnosis of Viral Infection, Common Tests for Bacterial identification, Common Laboratory Methods for Diagnosis of Fungal Infections, Bacterial and Viral Genetics, Collection of Transport of Samples, Microorganisms associated with gastrointestinal infections, Sterilization and disinfection, Gastrointestinal infections caused by parasites, Mycology, parasitology, Vaccines, Host-Parasite relationship, Immunodiagnosis, Bacterial Staining and Cultivation
Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Toxicology, Forensic Medicine
Clinical postings inwards Clinical postings in hospital wards are a mandatory requirement for every student pursuing MBBS. During these postings, students are allowed to gain practical experience by spending 12 weeks in a community medicine setting. This exposure to real-world healthcare environments is an integral part of the MBBS curriculum.
OPD The Outpatient Department (OPD) refers to a chosen area within a hospital that provides medical and physical services, as well as staffing, during regularly scheduled hours. The care provided in the OPD is specifically intended for patients who are not registered as inpatients.

MBBS 3rd year Subjects:

MBBS Subjects Description
Community Medicine It is a field of medicine that focuses on the health and well-being of the population within a community. This discipline encompasses the healthcare services provided at primary healthcare centers, which are an integral part of the subject's curriculum.
ENT ENT, or Otolaryngology, is a medical specialty that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of conditions related to the head and neck region, including the ear, nose, throat, and related structures. It covers a wide range of medical conditions in these areas.
Ophthalmology Is a medical specialty that is concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the eye. The term "ophthalmology" is derived from the Greek words "ophthalmic," meaning "eye," and "logia," meaning "study of."

MBBS Final Year Subjects:

MBBS Subjects Description
Psychiatric Psychiatric disorders, Emotion and its application to health, Behavioral Sciences, Cognitive process and memory, Schizophrenia, Anxiety neurosis, Bipolar disorders, personality disorders, depression, phobia and OCD Head
Dermatology and Venereology Health Education, Environment, Behavioral Sciences, Nutrition, Biostatistics, Rehabilitation, Epidemiology, Important National Health Programs, Health Administration, Epidemiology of Communicable Diseases And Non-communicable Diseases, Counseling Maternal & Child Health, Geriatrics, Health Economics
Pediatrics Growth and development, Respiratory system, Vital statistics, Nutrition, Infectious diseases, Immunization, Hematology, Gastro-Intestinal Tract, Cardiovascular system, Central Nervous System, Behavioral Problems, Neonatology, Fluid-Electrolyte, Pediatrics Emergencies, Genetics, Fluid-Electrolyte, Therapeutics, Genito-Urinary System, Pediatrics Surgical Problems
Anesthesiology Cannulation, Preoperative evaluation & optimization, Nasopharyngeal or Oropharyngeal Airway insertion, Skills I/V, Attaching pulse oximeter, Bag-Mask Ventilation, BP cuff, and ECG electrodes and setting up a monitor
Orthopedics Orthopedic Oncology, Orthopedic Neurology, Pediatric orthopedics, Sports Medicine, Management of Trauma, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Radiology, Disorders of Spine, Fracture
Obstetrics and Gynecology Obstetrics, Gynecology, Basic Sciences, Neonatology and Recent Advances, Contraception
MBBS One-Year Internship

Completion of a one-year rotatory internship is a crucial requirement for successfully obtaining an MBBS degree. During the internship, candidates gain practical experience and learn how to manage patient interactions in their field. The focus of the internship is to provide hands-on training and emphasize the importance of practical experience.

Top MBBS Colleges

Having a good understanding of both the practical and theoretical aspects of MBBS is important for a successful career in the future. Pursuing an MBBS course from a reputed college is one way to gain this knowledge. To help you find the best MBBS colleges that suit your needs, we have listed some colleges with their respective fee structure.

Top Government MBBS Colleges:

College Name Annual Fees
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi 7K - 10 K
King George Medical University 1 L
JIPMER 12 L
Madras Medical College, Chennai 7.2 L
AIIMS Jodhpur 32.23 K - 1.33 L
Annamalai University 11.03 LPA
Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research 5.52 LPA
Vardhman Mahavir Medical College 96 K
Aligarh Muslim University 90.17 K - 5.82 L
Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research 18 LPA - 20 LPA
Maulana Azad Medical College, University of Delhi 4 LPA - 5 LPA

Top 10 Private MBBS Colleges:

College Name Annual Fees
Christian Medical College, Vellore 1.8 L
Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research 9.1 L
Kasturba Medical College 8.8 L
St. John’s National Academy of Health Science 3.6 L
Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana 9 L
KIMS - Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences 12 L
JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research 10.1 L
M S Ramaiah Medical College 6.8 L
VELS Institute of Science, Technology, and Advanced Studies (VISTAS) 22 L
PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research 8.4 L
MBBS Scope

The healthcare industry presents a plethora of opportunities for Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery (MBBS) graduates, both in the government and private sectors. With a focus on medical expertise, MBBS students can secure employment in various settings, including medical centers, biomedical companies, healthcare facilities, laboratories, emergency rooms, community health centers, and private practice. In light of the continued growth and commercialization of the healthcare industry, the job market for MBBS graduates appears robust.

MBBS is a standalone medical degree that confers the authority to prescribe medication, and many graduates choose to pursue a master’s degree in the field to become licensed physicians.

Career Opportunities after MBBS

Here are some career opportunities for MBBS graduates:

  • General Physician: In India, you can practice as a physician after MBBS and help treat patients’ diseases in the early stages.
  • Pediatrician: You can get a residency in pediatrics and become a doctor who specializes in treating children’s illnesses and checking their growth and development.
  • Medical Assistant: You can assist a senior doctor/surgeon by becoming a medical assistant and helping them in their work.
  • Medical Officers: You can work as a medical officer in Govt and private sector to be associated with the administrative part of the healthcare.
  • Medical Coder: An individual responsible for converting physician reports into meaningful medical codes to make sure proper reimbursement for medical services.
  • Dietician: A healthcare professional who promotes wellness and develops balanced nutrition plans for patients, focusing on nutrition and health education.

These are just a few of the many career opportunities available to MBBS graduates. As healthcare needs continue to evolve, new opportunities may arise in the future.

MBBS Salary Prospect

The income potential for an MBBS aspirant can vary based on the sector and industry they choose for employment, as well as their dedication and experience in the field. The following is a rough estimate of the salary scale for MBBS graduates based on their years of experience:

Years of Experience Annual Salary (in INR)
0-6 years 6-8 Lakhs per annum
6-12 years 10-12 Lakhs per annum
12-20 years 15-18 Lakhs per annum

It is important to keep in mind that these figures are just an approximation and can vary based on a variety of factors, including the location and industry of the MBBS aspirant. Additionally, higher levels of education and specialization can result in higher salaries.

Explore colleges for this course
create profile
Explore this course by location..

by Cities

Lucknow

Udaipur

Varanasi

Mumbai

Ujjain

Chennai

Port Blair

Vidisha

Hyderabad

Karnal

Ajmer

New Delhi

Noida

Raipur

Kolkata

Budaun

Bikaner

Sahaswan

Chandrapur

Jhunjhunu

Pali

Bhubaneswar

Srikakulam

Ratlam

Churu

Satara

Bharuch

Srinagar

Nuh

Gorakhpur

Khandwa

Hubballi

Puducherry

Wardha

Ballari

Hapur

Shillong

Bhilwara

Gondia

Amroha

Cuttack

Sikar

Kanpur

Nagpur

Hazaribagh

Orai

Patna

Thiruvalla

Jamhaur

Ishwarpur

Guntur

Karimnagar

Deoghar

Medininagar

Rampurhat

Pune

Kadapa

Tumakuru

Nashik

Tirupati

Bareilly

Visakhapatnam

Siddipet

Bharatpur

Thane

Silvassa

Wayanad

Vadodara

Madikeri

Palakkad

Datia

Thrissur

Mangaluru

Bambolim

Jhajjar

Kolhapur

Prayagraj

Jalgaon

Dehradun

Jamshedpur

Bengaluru

Surat

Rahata

Kozhikode

Kurnool

Chhindwara

Saharanpur

Kalaburagi

Mathura

Jodhpur

Chamba

Kota

Barmer

Tiruvannamalai

Ahmedabad

Dhanbad

Nandyal

Balangir

Balasore

Madurai

Guwahati

Bhopal

Solan

Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar

Dhule

Ongole

Ahilyanagar

Raiganj

Coimbatore

Azamgarh

Indore

Shahjahanpur

Rajkot

Jabalpur

Ghanpur

Mysuru

Belagavi

Erode

Kollam

Darbhanga

Baripada

Kolar

Bhuj

Latur

Sitapur

Kannauj

Amritsar

Aligarh

Navi Mumbai

Raigarh

Faridabad

Renigunta

Khammam

Mahbubnagar

Ambikapur

Sivaganga

Nadia

Dungarpur

Jaipur

Surendranagar

Rajnandgaon

Jorhat

Rishikesh

Miraj

Dewas

Nagercoil

Diamond Harbour

Nellore

Karur

Ragolu

Pilkhuwa

Thanjavur

Koraput

Adilabad

Falkawn

Shivpuri

Pavapuri

Siliguri

Karamsad

Thiruvananthapuram

Malappuram

Agra

Sonipat

Amalapuram

Bettiah

Cooch Behar

Tezpur

Baramati

Gwalior

Vijayawada

Muzaffarnagar

Dibrugarh

Vellore

Kannur

Surguja

Ranchi

Silchar

Kochi

Ambajogai

Shimla

Durg

Kuppam

Rajamahendravaram

Yadapura

Karwar

Thiruvarur

Bilaspur

Shahdol

Basti

Agartala

Jhansi

Pudukkottai

Varadharajapuram

Jamnagar

Yavatmal

Suryapet

Saharsa

Haldwani

Jhalawar

Perambalur

Chengalpattu

Burla

Rohtak

Mandi

Mandya

Eluru

Naharlagun

Meerut

Firozabad

Thoothukudi

Solapur

Kottayam

Nalgonda

Etawah

Agroha

Vijayapura

Alappuzha

North Lakhimpur

Kakinada

Salem

Imphal

Gurugram

Sagar

Berhampore

Rewa

Koppal

Madhubani

Hassan

Shivamogga

Akola

Midnapore

Muzaffarpur

Gaya

Moradabad

Bankura

Vizianagaram

Patiala

Kachandur

Madhepura

Theni

Warangal

Gandhinagar

Bardhaman

Bidar

Gadag-Betageri

Manipal

Bathinda

Nanded

Tirunelveli

Rajsamand

Malda

Bhavnagar

Raichur

Faridkot

Bhagalpur

Nahan

Kirumampakkam

Tiruchirappalli

Kanchipuram

Sevagram

Chittoor

Loni

Katihar

Faizabad

Anantapur

Kangra

Chandigarh

Cuddalore

Sangli

Karaikal

Sangareddy

Nizamabad

Secunderabad

Adra

Pratapgarh

Brahmapur

Jammu

Dharmapuri

Vadnagar

Shahabad Markanda

Barabanki

Viluppuram

Jagdalpur

Tinsukia

Mangalagiri

Mandsaur

Panipat

Dumka

Fatehpur

Valsad

Handwara

Jaunpur

Sirohi

Hamirpur

Kishanganj

West Godavari

Diphu

Srinagar

Bolpur

Joti Gaon

Visnagar

Sindhudurg

Bilaspur

Palamu

Nagapattinam

Nagaon

Amreli

Chikmagalur

Hingoli

Baramulla

Kathua

Gonda

Namakkal

Ghazipur

Churachandpur

Mirzapur

Tiruvallur

Palghar

Medchal

Kalitheerthalkuppam

Sri Ganganagar

Krishna

Patancheru

Navsari

Alwar

Kohima

Puri

Korba

Neemuch

Rajouri

Chitradurga

Purulia

Amravati

Nadiad

Kalol

Malandighi

Barasat

Seoni

Sundargarh

Karjat

Jhargram

Mohali

Ramanagara

Pathanamthitta

Ranga Reddy

Kadi

Osmanabad

Ottapalam

Anantnag

Patan

Kanker

Haridwar

Haveri

Raebareli

Chakdaha

Hanamkonda

Morbi

Durgapur

Gautam Buddha Nagar

Maharajganj

Dhubri

Jalpaiguri

Ramanathapuram

Bulandshahr

Deoria

Krishnagiri

Palanpur

Davanagere

Siddharthnagar

Dahod

Kalyani

Junagadh

Idukki

Bahraich

Krishnanagar

Wanaparthy

Tiruppur

Mundrai

Nandurbar

Yadgir

Murshidabad

Nalbari

Sullia

Dindigul

Chiplun

Jalna

Parbhani

Chittorgarh

Mahasamund

Etah

Tamluk

Kokrajhar

Virudhunagar

Chikkaballapur

Alibag

Hardoi

Moinabad

Bhadradri Kothagudem

Kamareddy

Bagalkot

Ariyalur

Mancherial

Jagtial

Nilgiris

Hooghly

Nagarkurnool

Mahabubabad

Ramagundam

Haldia

Nirmal

Related Job Roles
Related Job Vacancies

View All 262 Jobs

create profile
FAQS

How many MBBS colleges are in India?

There are over 600 recognized medical colleges in India offering MBBS courses.

Why is MBBS called Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery?

The reason MBBS is called Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery is that it is an undergraduate medical degree program that teaches students about medicine (diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases) and surgery (operative procedures).

What are the fees for MBBS in India?

The fees for MBBS in India vary depending on the institution and range from approximately Rs 50,000 to Rs 25 lakhs for the entire program.

Is qualifying for NEET to study MBBS in private medical colleges mandatory?

Yes, qualifying for NEET is mandatory to pursue an MBBS in India, whether in government or private medical colleges.

Is it worth doing an MBBS from a private college?

Yes, studying an MBBS from a private college is somewhat similar to studying an MBBS in a government college. Even though private and government colleges have pros and cons, government colleges generally provide greater exposure to diverse medical cases.

Related Course titles
create profile
Qualifications

12th Science PCB

Related Specialty

General Medical Practice

Register your interest for this Course

Submit

OR

You’ll get the most relevant courses available on the Docthub for you.Also this will enable institutes to contact you.